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Bitstream
This is the compressed form of digital signals. A decoder decodes
these signals into 5.1 surround and multi-channel signals.
CPRM (Content Protection for Recordable Media)
CPRM is the copy right protection technology that is used to protect
broadcasts that are allowed to be recorded only once (e.g. some
CATV broadcasts).
Down-mixing
This is the process of remixing the multi-channel audio found on
some discs into two channels for stereo output. It is useful when you
want to listen to the 5.1-channel audio recorded on DVDs through
your television’s speakers. Some discs prohibit down-mixing and this
unit can then only output the front two channels.
Dynamic range
Dynamic range is the difference between the lowest level of sound
that can be heard above the noise of the equipment and the highest
level of sound before distortion occurs.
Dynamic range compression means reducing the gap between the
loudest and softest sounds. This means you can listen at low
volumes but still hear dialogue clearly.
Film and video
DVD-Videos are recorded using either film or video. Usually, film is
recorded at 24 frames per second, the rate movies are filmed at,
while video is recorded at 30 frames per second.
Finalize
This process allows DVD-R to be played on compatible equipment.
Formatting
Formatting is the process of making media such as DVD-RAM
recordable on recording equipment.You can format DVD-RAM on this
unit. Formatting irrevocably erases all recordings on the disc.
Frame and field
Frames are the still pictures that go together to make a moving
picture. A frame consists of 2 fields.
Frame Field Field
≥A frame still consists of 2 alternating fields, so the picture may
appear blurred, but overall quality is high.
≥A field still is not blurred, but it has only half the information of a
frame still so picture quality is lower.
Interlace and progressive output
The PAL video signal standard has 625 (or 576) interlaced (i) scan
lines, whereas progressive scanning, called 625p (or 576p), uses
twice the number of scan lines. For the NTSC standard, these are
called 525i (or 480i) and 525p (or 480p) respectively.
Using progressive output, you can enjoy the high-resolution video
recorded on media such as DVD-Video.
Your television must be compatible to enjoy progressive video.
Panasonic television with 625 (576)/50i · 50p, 525 (480)/60i · 60p
input terminals are progressive compatible.
Linear PCM (LPCM)
These are uncompressed digital signals. CDs are recorded with 44.1
kHz/16 bit PCM, while DVDs use PCM between 48 kHz/16 bit and 96
kHz/24 bit, allowing playback with greater quality sound.
The linear PCM signals output from the DIGITAL AUDIO OUT,
OPTICAL terminal are stereo (2 channels).
LPCM sound is available when recording in XP mode.
MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)
An audio compression method that compresses audio to
approximately one tenth of its size without any considerable loss of
audio quality.
Pan & Scan/Letterbox
In general, DVD-Video are produced with the intention to be viewed
on a widescreen TV with an aspect ratio of 16:9.
This means you can view most of material with the intended aspect
ratio on a widescreen TV.
Material with this ratio will not fit onto a standard TV with an aspect
ratio of 4:3. 2 styles of picture, “Pan & Scan” and “Letterbox”, deal
with this problem.
Pan & Scan: The sides are cut off so the picture fills the screen.
Letterbox: Black bands appear at the top and bottom of the
screen so the picture appears in an aspect ratio of
16:9.
Playback control (PBC)
This is a method of playing Video CDs. You can select parts to play
by using menus recorded on the disc.
Protection
You can prevent accidental erasure by setting writing protection or
erasure protection.
Sampling frequency
The sampling frequency is the number of times per second an
analog signal is measured and converted to a digital signal. In
general, the larger the number the greater accuracy of original sound
reproduction.
VBR (Variable bitrate)
This is a method of video recording that adjusts the bit rate according
to video signal.
Glossary
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