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GLOSSARY
8 Aspect ratio
The ratio of vertical and horizontal sizes of a displayed image. The
horizontal vs. vertical ratio of conventional TVs is 4:3, and that of
wide-screens is 16:9.
8 Chapter
Refers to individual chapters included in a title.
8 Composite video signal
Refers to video signal comprised of three kinds of signals
combined: an image signal made up of luminance and
chrominance signals using the frequency multiplication technique;
burst signal providing the basis for color reproduction; and
synchronization signal.
8 Component video signal
A video signal system where parts of information necessary for
reproducing image signal comprised of the three primary colors of
light are transmitted via separate signal lines. Types of signal, such
as R/G/B, Y/P
B/PR, etc., are available.
8 Disc menu
A screen display prepared for allowing selection of images,
sounds, subtitles, multiangles, etc. recorded on a DVD disc.
8 Dolby Digital (AC-3)
A six-channel system consisting of left, centre, right, left rear, right
rear and LFE (Low-Frequency Effect channel, for use with a sub-
woofer) channels. All processing is done in the digital domain.
Not all Dolby Digital discs contain six (5.1) channels of information.
8 Down-mix
Internal stereo mix of multichannel surround audio by a DVD
player. The down-mix signals are output from stereo output
connectors.
8 DTS
A Digital Surround audio encoding format configured with six (5.1)
channels, similar to Dolby Digital. It requires a decoder, either in
the player or in an external receiver. DTS stands for Digital Theater
Systems.
Not all DTS discs contain six (5.1) channels of information.
8 Interlaced scan
In the conventional video system, a picture is shown on the display
monitor in two halves. The Interlaced scan system places lines of
the second half of the picture in-between lines of the first half of the
picture.
8 JPEG
A still-picture data compression system proposed by the Joint
Photographic Expert Group, which features small decrease in
image quality in spite of its high compression ratio.
8 Letter box
A method of displaying wide images like movies in the centre of a
4:3 TV screen with no part of the image deleted, by placing black
bands on the top and bottom of the screen. This name has resulted
from the screen form looking literally like a letter box.
8 Linear PCM (PCM: Pulse Code Modulation)
A system for converting analog sound signal to digital signal for
later processing, with no data compression used in conversion.
8 MP3
A file format with a sound data compression system. “MP3” is the
abbreviation of Motion Picture Experts Group 1 (or MPEG-1) Audio
Layer 3. By using MP3 format, one CD-R/RW can contain about 10
times as much data volume as a regular CD can.
8 MPEG
A family of Standards for compressing audio-visual information.
“MPEG” standards include MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4. Video
CD and MP3 are based on MPEG-1, while DVD is based on
MPEG-2. MPEG stands for Moving Picture coding Experts Group.
8 Multiangle
By recording multiple scenes progressing at the same time in a
single title, the user can select view angles. This feature is called
the multiangle function.
8 Multichannel
DVD is specified to have each sound track constitute one sound
field. Multichannel refers to a structure of sound tracks having
three or more channels.
8 Multilanguage
When a title is created to cope with multiple languages, it is
generally called a multilanguage title.
8 NTSC (National television system committee)
A black and white and color television system format used in the
U.S.A., Canada, Mexico and Japan.
8 PAL (Phase Alternation by Line)
A color television system format used extensively in Western
Europe.
8 Parental Lock
A feature of this system to automatically determine whether or not
to reproduce particular DVD software by comparing its parental
lock level (a measure of undesirability of scenes, etc. from
educational viewpoint) set for the software beforehand with that set
on this system by the user; if the software’s level is less restrictive
than the user-set level, it will be reproduced.
8 Playback control (PBC)
Refers to the signal recorded on Video CDs for controlling
reproduction. By using menu screens recorded on a Video CD that
supports PBC, you can enjoy interactive-type software as well as
software having a search function.
8 Progressive scan
Progressive scan displays all the horizontal lines of a picture at one
time, as a single frame. This system can convert the interlaced
video from DVD into progressive format for connection to a
progressive display. It dramatically increases the vertical
resolution.
8 Region Code
A system for allowing discs to be played back only in the regions
designated beforehand. All the countries in the world are grouped
into six regions, each region being identified by a specified Region
Code (or region number). If the Region Code given to a disc
includes a numeral which matches one in the Region Code of a
player, the player can play back the disc.
8 Sampling frequency
Frequency of sampling data when analog data is converted to
digital data. Sampling frequency numerically represents how many
times the original analog signal is sampled per second.
8 Surround
A system for creating three-dimensional sound fields full of realism
by arranging multiple speakers around the listener.
8 Transfer rate
The rate of transferring digital data. Usually the measure is in baud
per second. The DVD system applies a variable transfer rate
system for high efficiency.
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