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Represents the difference between the level of
the audio signal, and any interference. The larger
the gure, the purer the sound.
SPL (sound pressure level)
An
acoustic measurement of sound energy.
1 dB SPL is the smallest increment in sound
level to which the average human is sensitive.
Theoretically, 0 dB SPL is the threshold of
human hearing while approximately 120 dB is
the threshold of pain.
Stereo
Literall
y means solid. Usually taken to refer to
two channel stereo, though developments in
digital audio facilitate multichannel stereo.
Streaming
A
technique for transferring data such that it
can be processed as a steady and continuous
stream. Streaming technologies are often used
on the Internet because many users do not
have fast enough access to download large
multimedia les quickly, so the client browser or
plug-in
can start displaying the data before the
entire le has been transmitted.
U
UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)
Universal Plug and Play is a networking
architecture developed by a consortium of
companies to ensure easy connectivity between
products from different vendors. UPnP devices
should be able to connect to a network
automatically, handling identication and other
processes on the y. The standards developed
b
y
the UPnP Forum are media-, platform-, and
device-independent.
V
VBR (variable bit rate)
With VBR, the encoder takes as much bits as
it needs. So black pictures get few bits and
complex pictures get as much as they need.
While this provides the best quality the nal
size
cannot be predicted at all.
A control found on receivers, and some mixers
or signal processing units that silences (mutes) a
signal path, or output.
O
Ohm
Measure of resistance to current (impedance).
The lower the impedance of a speaker, the
harder it is to drive.
P
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
Pioneering form of digital recording.
R
RF (radio frequency)
An alternating current or voltage with a
frequency (or carrier wave) above about
100kHz. It is called radio frequency because
these frequencies have a capacity to be radiated
as electromagnetic waves by radio (and
television) stations.
S
S/PDIF (SPDIF) (Sony/Philips Digital Interface)
A standard audio-le transfer-format that was
developed
jointly by Sony and Philips. S/PDIF
allows the transfer of digital audio signals from
one device to another, without the need to
convert rst to analog. This prevents the quality
of
the digital signal degrading during transfer to
analog.
Sensitivity
Volume that a speaker offers for a specic
v
oltage
input, expressed in decibels per watt
(dB/W).
Shufe
A feature that plays audio les (tracks) in
r
andom
order.
Signal to noise ratio
Glossary
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